Black+Holes+and+Super+Nova+-+By+Evan

__//**​​**//__ ​Black Holes And Super Novas!

//What are Black holes and Super novae? //
Black holes are huge areas in space, mostly around 45km wide. Steven Hawking has didicated his life to black holes. He blieves that the bigger the holes, the longer its life. Mini black holes, around 10km wide, have been here since the big bang and should be dying around this century. Black holes have really strong gravitational pull, so strong that not even light can escape, giving it its black colour just like in thermodynamics. Scientists know there are Black holes in space because gas from space spirals inwards and heats up make huge amounts of radiation that can be detected from earth and orbiting telescopes. This type of radiation is called the Hawking radiation after it was discovered by Steven Hawking in 1974. Super novae are when a star dies and explodes. It is extremly bright and the burst of radiation that, temporarily, outshines the galaxy. this bright light can been seen for a few weeks before fading away. The amount of energy produced is as much as the sun produces in its whole life. The escape velocity is the speed an object has to travel to escape the gravity. The escape velocity of earth is about 11.25km/s where light travels 300000.km/s and isn’t fast enough to escape a Black Hole.

//How are Black holes formed? //
Black holes are formed by huge stars having 3 times or more the mass of the sun collapsing. It creates heat up to 50 billion degrees Celsius, that is about 330 times hotter then the suns core. It shots material into space at speeds of 15,000km to 40,000km/s. A Super nova makes most of the materials in the universe, as well as iron which Earth and our bodies are made of. So we have bits and pieces of past Super novae. It will continue becoming smaller until it becomes so dense not even light can escape. Finally it becomes a Black hole with a point of infinite density (a singularity). This is called a Super nova because the name ‘nova’ is Latin meaning ‘new’ because from Earth a Super nova looks like a bright new star. A Super nova happens about once every 300 years in our galaxy and our neighbouring galaxies there is 500 neutron stars, so scientists are confident there are Black holes to

//What is on the other side of Black holes?//
Some people believe that black holes are worms holes, that you can go into the future or the past. Scientist do know that if a anstronaut gets sucked into a Black holes, they will be dead before they are fully in. this is because the force of gravity will have more effect on your feet than your head and pully your feet faster then your head and rip you appart. if you some how survive being ripped appert, you will get to the event horizon, where you can see lights from different universes, but you can only get to the one you came from. The event horizon is the point of no return!

Facts

 * To a far away observer, things near a Black hole appear to be going really slow or not moving. This is because of a thing called the gravitational time dilation. This is when the light travels